When we use TMS to treat depression, we think it alters neural activity in a deep brain structure known as the subgenual anterior cingulate (sgACC). But this is hard to test directly, until our preprint with @coreykeller.bsky.social, @neuro-engineer.bsky.social, Nick Trapp, and Aaron Boes (UIowa) 1/ - ThreadSky

stanfordpntlab.bsky.social • 56 days ago

When we use TMS to treat depression, we think it alters neural activity in a deep brain structure known as the subgenual anterior cingulate (sgACC). But this is hard to test directly, until our preprint with @coreykeller.bsky.social, @neuro-engineer.bsky.social, Nick Trapp, and Aaron Boes (UIowa) 1/

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stanfordpntlab.bsky.social•56 days ago

Stimulation to the DLPFC may tamp down an overactive sgACC and relieve symptoms of depression. By stimulating the DLPFC with TMS in two neurosurgical patients with electrodes implanted within the sgACC, we found a reduction in high-frequency neural activity – a correlate of population spiking. 2/

stanfordpntlab.bsky.social•56 days ago

HFA signal in the sgACC was inversely correlated with HFA signal in the DLPFC, meaning that as DLPFC activity increased following TMS, sgACC activity decreased. This mirrors what we’ve known from fMRI for a long time, but now shown with direct in-vivo measures of neural activity. 3/

stanfordpntlab.bsky.social•56 days ago

We were surprised to find that, despite anticorrelated HFA signals, TMS seemed to increase phase-locking in lower frequencies (alpha and theta) between sgACC-DLPFC. Could this be a mechanism by which the DLPFC influences sgACC activity? 4/

stanfordpntlab.bsky.social•56 days ago

It’s important to be clear that we only had two neurosurgical patients to test these effects, so these findings need replication. But these data so far seem to align with a major hypothesis in the field: DLPFC TMS specifically alters population-level neural activity in the sgACC. 5/

stanfordpntlab.bsky.social•56 days ago

This builds on influential work by
@foxmdphd.bsky.social
@shansiddiqi.bsky.social
@desmondoathes.bsky.social and many others. It would not have been possible without the support of UIowa, Stanford, and generous funding from the NIH/NIMH.

reposted from @esolomon.bsky.social

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