Not only is one German state moving from Microsoft to LibreOffice, but the whole federal government is committing to move to open standards by 2027: https://blog.documentfoundation.org/blog/2025/04/29/germany-committing-to-odf-and-open-document-standards/
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Libreoffice Calc 24.2.7.2 has 16,384 columns and 1,048,576 rows, which is way over your data.
IMHO: If you're analyzing large amounts of data, being a scientist, neither Calc nor Excel are a good choice. They're not efficient with hardware or performance