But it was only a partial construct and in the real bacteria, they form a lattice. Sander Van Der Verren produced pretty tubes, which Kendra Leigh imaged with cryo-ET and got a 7 Å structure by subtomogram averaging.
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Adria Sourges expressed and co-crystallized the combinations of the domains to get the structures of the interfaces, which finally allowed us to build the correct atomic model, which was validated by mutations. A single mutation at the D2-D2 interface can break the lattice
S-layer is a very advanced protective layer, optimized by evolution, and understanding its structure is highly important for its potential destruction.
It was a team effort and we thank our institutes, colleagues, and funders!
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Alex Pak from Colorado performed MD on several of the possible arrangements, checking their stability over time
It was a team effort and we thank our institutes, colleagues, and funders!