https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/minimum-wage/2022/#:~:text=Together%2C%20these%201.0%20million%20workers,collected%20on%20a%20regular%20basis.

Personally, I knew someone who made below minimum wage because of tip pooling. Basically an employer can pay a waitress under min wage so long as they meet the threshold in tips, so they pool the tips from all the workers then divide it up to avoid paying min wage.