If you get hit by a sniper bullet travelling 3000 feet per second, your not going to just stand there. Whatever part of your body that got hit will have a fist size hole in it and you will be pushed back a good amount of feet.
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With a perfectly inelastic collision (bullet absorbed), at impact velocities (~400m/s) for say a .50 BMG (46g) against a 80kg adult, you might be talking like 0,2m/s dV to the person. Realistically that won't happen (it's going through), and so the result would be far less (5-10%? 0,01-0,02m/s?).
That is precisely the point. The amount in which it changes the person's velocity is tiny. 0,2m/s *if* the bullet is fully absorbed. Realistically much less than that.
The bullet is fast, but it carries little momentum compared to a person. It does not throw the target around.
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The bullet is fast, but it carries little momentum compared to a person. It does not throw the target around.