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Thomas J. Watson Jr. (1914 - 1993), IBM CEO, Army pilot, and diplomat, great son of the great father TJW Sr., was a driving force behind the development of the mainframe computers IBM 1620, 7070, 7090, and System/360 during "golden age" of IBM (1952-1971).

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Bill Hewlett (1913-2001) and David Packard (1912-1996) founded the multinational IT company HP in 1939, which was known as the first Silicon Valley garage start-up. Stanford professor Fred Terman mentored and encouraged them. HP stands for Hewlett-Packard.

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Helmut Hölzer (1912-1996) was a German-American engineer, who invented and constructed the first electronic analog computer in 1942. It was part of the guidance system of the German rocket V2 from the 2nd World War.

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Alan Turing (1912-1954) was a genius mathematician and founder of computer science from Great Britain. His most famous achievements were the Turing test, the Turing machine, and "the bombe" an electro-mechanical device for deciphering coded German messages in 2ndWW.

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Konrad Zuse (1910-1995) was a computer pioneer from Germany and designer of the programmable 22-bit electro-mechanical computer Z3 in 1941. He was also a designer of Plankalkuel, a rudimentary high-level programming language.

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William Shockley (1910-1989) was a co-winner of the Nobel Prize in 1956 for discovering the transistor, the founder of SSL (Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory), the first silicon-semiconductor company in California, and co-founder of Silicon Valley (with Fred Terman). Prolific physicist as well.

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Paul Eisler (1907-1992) was an Austrian inventor who invented PCBs (Printed Circuit Boards), a now-ubiquitous method of connecting electric components on a horizontal plane made of conductive and insulating layers. PCBs are an essential basis of every computer.

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Presper Eckert (1919-1945) and John Mauchly (1907-1980) designed the first digital electronic computer, ENIAC (1945), and the first commercially available business electronic computer, UNIVAC-I (1951), used in the U.S. census.

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Grace Hopper (1906-1992), Rear Admiral, U.S. Navy, was a computer programming pioneer and a designer of an English-based machine-independent foundation of the high-level programming language COBOL and the first compiler A-0. #GraceHopper #COBOL

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George Stibitz (1904-1995), a researcher at Bell Labs was a designer of Model-K, the first binary adder, and led teams that developed several relay computers. Also, he was the first to remotely use a computing machine in 1940 (in real-time). #GeorgeStibitz #BellLabs

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John Atanasoff (1903-1995) and Clifford Berry (1918-1963) were the inventors of the first non-programmable and non-Turing complete digital electric computer ABC (Atanasoff-Berry Computer) in 1942. ABC was a type of ALU (arithmetic-logic unit). #JohnAtanasoff #CliffordBerry #ABC

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Alonzo Church (1903-1995), mathematician and computer scientist, one of the "fathers" of computer science, was famous for Lambda calculus (examining borders of computing), having Alan Turing as a doctoral student, and many theses in mathematics. #AlonzoChurch #LambdaCalculus

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John Von Neumann (1903-1957) was a computer scientist who designed the widely adopted and used computer architecture called "Von Neumann Architecture" with strictly defined elements and a fetch-execute cycle. #JohnVonNeumann #VonNeumannArchitecture

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Walter Brattain (1902 - 1987), John Bardeen (1908 - 1991), and William Shockley (1910 - 1989) were the inventors of the transistor at Bell Labs in 1947. The transistor is a semiconductor device that serves as a gate/switch (1/0)—the basic building block of every computer. #transistor #BellLabs

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Wallace Eckert (1902-1971) was an astronomer and computer pioneer who defined the specifications of the IBM Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator (SSEC) (electro-mechanical computer) and co-founded the IBM Research Center. #IBM #WallaceEckert

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Arthur Samuel (1901 -1990) was a pioneering computer scientist in the fields of computer games (checkers), machine learning, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). #ArthurSamuel #AI #IBM #MIT #Stanford #BellLabs

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Howard H. Aiken (1900-1973) pioneered early computer technology and was the main designer of IBM's Harvard Mark I (electromechanical computer) in 1944. He also designed another 3 versions of Mark computers (II, III, and IV) until 1952. #HowardAiken #IBM #Harvard #HarvardMarkI

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Vannevar Bush (1890-1974) was an inventor, professor, and leading state science administrator during 2nd World War in the USA. He was famous for his work on analog computers and "memex". #VannevarBush #MIT

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Fred Terman (1900-1982) was a founding father of Silicon Valley in CA, USA (with William Shockley), and provost of Stanford. He founded Stanford Research Park and encouraged the creation of the first start-ups like HP (Hewlett-Packard). #FredTerman #Stanford #SiliconValley

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Eugene McDermott (1899 - 1973) - Cecil Green (1900 - 2003) - Erik Jonsson (1901 - 1995) - and Patrick Haggerty (1914 - 1980) were founders of Texas Instruments, one of the most important pioneering companies in the field of computer and semiconductor technology. #TexasInstruments

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Sherman Fairchild (1896-1971) was an entrepreneur and an inventor who founded 70 companies including Fairchild Semiconductor (1957), one of the most historically important semiconductor companies in the roots of Silicon Valley. #ShermanFairchild #FairchildSemiconductor

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Norbert Wiener (1894-1964) was a mathematician, philosopher, and computer scientist who founded cybernetics and contributed greatly to mathematics. He was a proponent of ethics in science and the separation of science research and military. #Cybernetics #NorbertWiener #MIT

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Thomas J. Watson Sr. (1874-1956) was the main manager (CEO) of IBM during its formative years as the synonym for the early computer industry. The most notable computers of his era are IBM SSEC, 650, 700 series, Q7, and NORC. #IBM #ThomasWatsonSr

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Herman Hollerith (1860-1929) - inventor of electromechanical punched cards tabulating machine that made the 1890 U.S. census possible. Co-founder of IBM (Big Blue). #HermanHollerith #IBM

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John Fleming (1849-1945) - inventor of the first vacuum tube (diode) in 1904. Vacuum tubes were building blocks of the 1st generation of electronic computers (1946-1959) becoming obsolete with the invention of the transistor. #JohnFleming #VacuumTubes

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Ada Lovelace (1815-1852) mathematician and writer, was the first person to grasp the possibilities of computers beyond mere numerical tasks and imagine the concept of computer programs. She came to this idea through the theoretical study of Charles Babbage's work. #AdaLovelace

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George Boole (1815-1864) - discovered and formalized the logic of two value states (0 and 1), the basis of digital logic used in building computers, later known as Boolean algebra. The simple presence or absence of electric signals brought to mathematical perfection. #GeorgeBoole

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Charles Babbage (1791-1871) - the inventor of the "Difference Engine" a mechanical calculator for tabulating polynomial functions and the "Analytical Engine" the first modern mechanical computer. He never finished them, but his successors did. #CharlesBabbage

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