manuel-alvarinho.bsky.social
PhD Researcher at EUI. Here, academic chatter on: welfare state, political parties, political economy and family policy.
Also comments on Spain/CAT econ & politics.
Membre de @espaizerovuit.bsky.social. Galego.
All my research: www.manuelalvarino.com
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Thanks for sharing! :)
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The broader implication for the literature on social movements, IGs and institutional change is that policy feedback effects matter to shape civil mobilization, and that small advocacy groups may have a big impact.
Please read and share and check out the other contributions of the Special Issue!
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In conclusion, what C Valiente and M Leon said 20 years ago about the particular character of Spanish feminism remains valid today, and it contributes to explain why PPiiNA achieved equal parental leave while those asking for longer leave or family benefits remain unsuccessful.
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5. Back to the streets:
But a group of mothers formed PETRA as a counter-movement against the reform! They request longer leave for mothers’ right to care.
My guess is that they have little success because political fears of any policy reinforcing gender roles remain alive and kicking.
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3. This institutionalization:
+ Directly influenced the birth of PPiiNA to seek equal leave for moms and dads.
+ Indirectly helped its success, as elites were quite responsive to their requests.
4. Successful lobbying:
🔜 fully non-transferable leave for both parents approved in 2019!
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2. From movement to policy:
This 'equality feminism' infiltrated firstly on PSOE, later on gender institutions (e.g. Instituto de la Mujer), and eventually even influenced right-wing female MPs!
A cross-partisan elite consensus emerged on equalizing labor opportunities for women.
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With this at hand, I divide the Spanish gender politics trajectory in 4 phases:
1. Patriarchal regulation during the Francoist dictatorship shaped a feminist counter-movement asking for women's emancipation from care responsibilities, but not any 'family' policy (this is Valiente 96 and León 02).
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I trace back political processes looking at the relationship between feminist advocacy and policy feedback effects (image).
Activists want to change policy, but their objectives and strategies are affected by institutional change!
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Spain has changed incredibly since the dictatorship ended 50y ago. Today:
📈 Moms and dads have = parental leave, fostering equality in work-family rights and duties. This is unique in the world!
📉 But family transfers are among the lowest, causing very high child poverty!
How come this unbalance?