In 2012 when the #M23 was created, #DRC was in a seemingly endless #SSR-#DDR process.

My article from 2013, gives background to why the process continuously fails & traces the M23 trajectory back to previous rebel groups supported by #Rwanda: CNDP & the RCD.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/262953018_Identifying_the_spoilers_in_the_security_sector_reform_-_disarmament_demobilisation_and_reintegration_process_in_the_Congo